Biomedical Instrumentation Systems

Application of Instrumentation Technology in Biomedical Field

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Category: Biomedical Measurements

  • Blood Flow Measurement

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    John Mulindi
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    Introduction Blood flow can easily be measured by using biomedical instruments. These biomedical instruments are based on several working principles namely: The magnetic and ultrasound blood flow meters actually measure the velocity of the blood stream. A transducer is used that envelope an excised blood vessel to measure the mean velocity of the blood stream.…

  • Biomedical Signals Acquisition Instruments

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    John Mulindi
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    We have different types of biomedical recorders named according to the types of bio signals they capture. Some of these instruments used to record data in biomedical measurements include: Electrocardiograph (ECG) The Electrocardiograph (ECG) is an instrument which records the electrical activity of the heart. Electrical signals from the heart characteristically precede, the normal mechanical…

  • Electrooculogram

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    John Mulindi
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    Electrooculogram is an electrophysiological monitoring method to record electrical activity of the eyeball. It is a test to measure the electrical response of the light sensitive cells (rods and cones) and motor nerve components of the eye. Its main applications are in ophthalmology and detection of eye disorders. There is a generation of a potential…

  • Electromyogram (EMG)

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    John Mulindi
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    The contraction of the skeletal muscle results in the generation of action potentials in the individual muscle fibres, a record of which is known as electromyogram. This activity is similar to that observed in the cardiac muscle, but in the skeletal muscle, repolarization takes place much more rapidly, the action potential lasting only a few…

  • Electroencephalogram (EEG)

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    John Mulindi
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    The brain generates rhythmically potentials which originate in the individual neurons of the brain. These potentials get summated as millions of cell discharge synchronously and appear as a surface waveform, the recording of which is known as the electroencephalogram. The neurons like other cells of the body are electrically polarized at rest. The interior of…

  • Electrocardiogram (ECG)

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    by

    John Mulindi
    in

    The recording of the electrical activity associated with the functioning of the heart is known as Electrocardiogram. ECG is quasi-periodical, rhythmically repeating signal synchronized by the function of the heart; which acts as a generator of bioelectric events. This generated signal can be described by means of a simple electric dipole (pole consisting of a…

  • Types of Bioelectrodes

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    John Mulindi
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    Introduction Bioelectric events have to be picked up from the surface of the body before they can be put to the amplifier for subsequent record or display. This is done by use of electrodes. The potentials produced at different points are measured by placing electrodes at various points on the body. They carry the currents…

  • How are the Potentials in the Body generated?

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    John Mulindi
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    In the 18th Century, Galvani demonstrated using microelectrodes that there is a potential difference between the outside and the inside of a cell, or a potential difference exists across the membrane of a cell. The inside of a cell has a negative charge and the outside has a positive charge, the potential difference being around…