Tag: Biomedical Instruments
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What is a Biosensor?
This is a biological sensor that has the following features: Biosensors are typically miniature and include monitoring of blood gas and biochemical concentrations additionally, physical quantities such as force, shear, potential, etc. Biosensors can be divided into those that measure electrical properties e.g. pH meters, CO2 electrodes, O2 electrodes, field-effect transistor-based biosensors, etc. and those…
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The Process of Setting up a PET scan
The ability of a PET scanner to target specific functions or objects e.g. tumour makes it a very effective tool in non-invasive medical imaging and diagnostics. The process involves using radionuclides, so PET scanners aren’t available at every medical facility. Related: Radionuclide Imaging Techniques The process of setting a PET scan involves the following steps:…
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Micrometer and Nanometer Biomedical Sensing Applications
The advancements in microtechnology and, in particular, nanotechnology are transforming the fields of biosensors, prosthesis & implants and medical diagnostics. In medical diagnostics, these devices are being employed in combination with optical biosensing for external, lab-on-a-chip, high throughput screening for analysing blood and other samples. Several companies and researchers are developing optically based nanotechnology applications…
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Clinical Applications of NTC Thermistors
Thermistors are certainly the most used transducers for medical temperature measurements. Their properties facilitate clinically difficult measurements that include: hypothermia, transcutaneous measurements during cardiopulmonary bypass, testicular temperature measurements in reproductive medicine, continuous monitoring of preterm infants and personal heat strain monitoring in occupational medicine. Thermistors are also extensively used in a variety of clinical and…
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The Application of Echocardiography in Cardiovascular Diagnosis
The key application of ultrasound in cardiovascular diagnosis is echocardiogram. It utilizes M-scan technique in the imaging. In the echocardiogram, the movements of the valves and other structures of the heart are displayed as a function of time. The display also includes an electrocardiogram to provide more information on the heart. From the echocardiogram, the…
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Principle Parts and Types of ECG Recorders
Building Blocks of an ECG System In Electrocardiography (ECG) recorder five leads from the patient are connected to the ECG recorder through a selector switch to obtain 12 lead configurations as illustrated below: A standard voltage of 1 mV is used to calibrate the recorder. The output from the lead selector switch is amplified using…
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The Function of Impedance Pneumograph In Respiration Measurements
Impedance pneumography is an indirect method for the measurement of respiration. This measurement is performed by the impedance pneumograph which measures the respiratory volume and rate through the relationship between respiratory depth and thoracic impedance change. Impedance pneumography avoids burdening the subject with spirometers, tubes, and flowmeters; does not hinder respiration and has minimal effect…
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What is the Function of a Phonocardiograph?
A phonocardiogram is a recording of the heart sounds and murmurs. The instrument used to make this recording is called the phonocardiograph. The recording of all the heart sounds during a cardiac cycle is termed to as phonocardiography. Phonocardiogram eliminates the subjective interpretation of the heart sounds and makes it possible to evaluate them with…
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Key Factors to Consider in the Design and Operation of Electrocardiograph
There are various factors that must be considered in the design and application of the electrocardiograph. These key factors must be considered by the biomedical engineer as well as the electrocardiograph operator and the physician who interprets the recorded information. We discuss these factors as follows: Frequency distortion The electrocardiograph does not always meet the…