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  • Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM)

    Confocal Microscopy Technique In conventional microscopy, the specimen is usually mounted on a glass slide and then a coverslip placed to sandwich the specimen between it and the slide. For biological samples, the tissue is often stained to visualize specific cell components and then embedded in paraffin wax. This destroys cell function; nevertheless, there are…

  • What is Electroporation?

    Electroporation is a technique that utilizes intense pulses of electricity to ‘punch’ holes in cell membranes. These holes or pores last for a few of milliseconds and are approximately 40 nm in diameter.  This size is sufficient to permit macromolecules such as genes, drugs, metabolites, antibodies or molecular probes to permeate the membrane. The typical…

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